This report by the Centre for Governance and Budget Accountability (CGBA) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), India, attempts to assess the magnitude of public spending on sanitation in India, specifically on the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC), and the quality of spending with regard to the outputs and services delivered. The report aims at understanding the issues that constrained fund utilisation in the Total Sanitation Campaign, right from the Union Government to the State Government level, and further down to the district, block, village and the primary unit of service delivery.
The report builds on two case studies based on secondary data and primary evidence gathered by the Centre for Budget and Governance Accountability (CBGA) from Barh and Jakhora blocks in Lalitpur district of Uttar Pradesh, and Chhuria and Dongargaon blocks in Rajnandgaon district of Chhattisgarh. The report thus does not intend to generalise the findings obtained for the rest of India.
The report begins by highlighting the aims of the Total Sanitation Campaign that included:
However, the report argues that an analysis of the spending patterns under the TSC reflected three broad concerns that included:
The major factors that constrained utilisation of funds under TSC included budgetary and institutional bottlenecks such as:
The report concludes by making the following recommendations:
A copy of the report can be accessed at this link.