Both rural and urban India are faced with water problems. People do not have access to good quality, safe drinking water. The source for most drinking water is either rivers or underground aquifers (wells). Since water can dissolve just about anything that it comes into contact with long enough, often the groundwater we get isn’t pure.
It could contain naturally occurring lead, arsenic, mercury, radium, chloride, iron and copper compounds dissolved in it. Most of these aren't harmful when consumed in small quantities. But when the levels go higher than the prescribed amounts, it could be harmful and sometimes, even fatal. Let’s analyse the effects of each of these compounds on our health and understand from the available data which states in India are susceptible to which types of contamination.
The best way to treat this is to use aeration/ filtration or chlorination techniques. Chlorination is the process of adding the element chlorine to the water to make it fit for human consumption. Assam has been reported to have highest concentration of iron in water which is up to 18.85 mg/L.