Beyond the boundaries: Reimagining our shared resources
Our commons: Celebrating commoning and community stewardship, published by the Foundation for Ecological Security (FES), is a rich tapestry of narratives, facts, and reflections on the diverse ways in which communities across India engage in the management and stewardship of shared resources, known as commons.
The report presents a compelling exploration of the concept, expanding beyond its traditional definitions to include a wide array of tangible and intangible resources, such as natural ecosystems, cultural practices, and digital platforms. The concept of the commons is as old as human society itself, but its relevance has only grown in today's world of ecological crises, climate change, and socio-economic inequalities.
The commons encompass a diverse range of resources—from forests, pastures, and water bodies to cultural practices and digital spaces—that are managed collectively by communities for shared benefits through a set of rules or norms.
The commons is not just about resources; it is also about the social processes and collective actions that enable communities to steward these resources for the benefit of present and future generations.
The practice of commoning
At the heart of the commons is the practice of "commoning," which involves collaborative and participatory actions that sustain shared resources. Commoning is more than just the management of resources; it is about fostering social, cultural, and economic relationships that evolve as communities engage in the stewardship and use of shared resources. This practice reinforces a sense of shared responsibility and reciprocity among community members, helping them navigate the complexities of modern life while preserving their collective heritage.
Examples of commoning can be seen in various regions and contexts. In rural India, for instance, community-managed irrigation systems, seed-saving practices, and cooperative labour during agricultural operations are vivid expressions of commoning. In urban areas, restored lakes and community gardens serve as urban commons that enhance biodiversity, recharge groundwater, and foster social cohesion.
The report delves into the complexities of governing the commons, highlighting their often-overlooked significance in mainstream policies. Despite their value, commons face numerous challenges, including a lack of recognition, inadequate legal frameworks, and pressures from privatisation and commercialisation. Misconceptions about local communities' ability to manage these resources effectively also persist, leading to their undervaluation and neglect.
However, recognising and restoring communities' rights and agency over their shared resources can unlock the true potential of community stewardship. By empowering local communities to manage their commons through inclusive governance structures, we can foster innovative and sustainable approaches to resource management.
For example, in Nagaland, community-conserved areas have been established to protect biodiversity, while in Karnataka, traditional seed exchange practices have been revived to promote agricultural diversity and resilience.Through vivid storytelling, well-researched data, and insightful case studies, the report makes a strong case for recognising and restoring the agency of communities in governing their commons.
The content of the report is thoughtfully structured into six chapters, each focussing on different dimensions of the commons—from the foundational concepts and the cultural and ecological significance to the governance frameworks and future visions. The use of diverse regional examples, from the sacred groves of Odisha to the digital commons of urban India, provides readers with a nuanced understanding of how communities across various geographies and cultures relate to their commons.
The inclusion of community voices and champions adds authenticity and depth to the narrative, making it not just a scholarly exposition but a celebration of lived experiences and local knowledge. The report also effectively ties the discussion of the commons to pressing global priorities, such as climate action, water security, and social justice, highlighting their relevance to contemporary challenges.
The authors take care to highlight voices from marginalised and indigenous communities, presenting a pluralistic view of how commons are understood and managed. This emphasis on diversity not only enriches the content but also challenges prevailing narratives that often marginalise community stewardship in favour of state or market control.
The report invites readers to rethink their own relationship with shared resources and to consider the value of collective action and community-led governance in creating a sustainable and equitable future.
The future of the commons
Looking towards the future, the concept of the commons offers a powerful framework for reimagining our relationship with nature and each other. It provides a pathway for communities to collaborate, innovate, and build resilience in the face of global challenges. As we celebrate the diverse practices of commoning, there is a need to work towards creating supportive policies, strengthening community governance, and fostering a culture of shared stewardship.
The success of the commons depends on the conversations and connections it inspires. By sharing stories, insights, and experiences, we can deepen our understanding of the commons and collectively shape a future that is just, inclusive, and sustainable. In this shared journey, every step counts, and every act of commoning matters.
This publication is a good reference point for anyone interested in ecology, community governance, sustainable development, or simply seeking to understand the complex relationship between people and their environment.